新西兰代写留学生作业:教育孩子的主流信仰

2019-02-02 15:11

在17世纪，教育孩子的主流信仰是由于宗教原因。然而，随着来自许多国家和不同信仰的人的到来，导致了这一概念的弱化。人们反对英国唯一的学校，反对牧师通过公共教育强加他们的宗教观点。到了18世纪中叶，私立学校已经成为一种规范。杰斐逊认为，教育应该在政府的控制下，不受宗教偏见的影响，所有人都可以接受教育，无论他们在社会中的地位如何。19世纪40年代以前，教育系统高度地方化，只面向富人。像霍勒斯·曼恩和亨利·巴纳德这样希望所有孩子都能从教育中获益的改革者反对这一观点。由于他们的努力，到19世纪末，所有美国儿童都能在小学享受免费的公共教育。并非所有人都能免费接受教育。为了给少数民族和穷人提供平等上学的机会，许多人不得不死去。1619年，第一批黑人作为奴隶来到殖民地，最初由传教士教导他们皈依基督教。尽管个人努力，黑人的教育水平仍然很低，直到林肯在1863年发表了解放宣言。19世纪60年代，识字率约为5%，1890年上升至40%，1910年上升至70%在20世纪50年代，公立学校和私立学校的种族隔离在美国仍然很普遍。1954年，最高法院在布朗诉教育委员会案中一致裁定，公立学校的种族隔离是违宪的。到1980年，联邦法院成功地废除了南方学校种族隔离合法化的制度。
新西兰代写留学生作业:教育孩子的主流信仰
In the 1600s, the dominant belief on educating the children was due to religious reasons. However, with the arrival of people from many countries and belonging to different faiths led to a weakening of the concept. People rejected the English only school and opposed the clergy imposing their religious views through public education. By the middle of the eighteenth century, private schooling had become the norm. Jefferson believed that education should be under the control of the government, free from religious biases, and available to all people irrespective of their status in society. Until the 1840s the education system was highly localized and available only to wealthy people. Reformers like Horace Mann and Henry Barnard who wanted all children to gain the benefits of education opposed this. As a result of their efforts, free public education at the elementary level was available for all American children by the end of the 19th century. Education has not always been free and available to everyone. Many people had to die in order to provide minorities as well as the poor the opportunity to attend equal schools. The first blacks arrived as slaves in the colonies in 1619 and were initially taught by the missionaries to convert them to Christianity. In spite of individual efforts, the education of blacks remained very low until Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. The literacy rate that was around 5% in the 1860s rose to 40% in 1890 and by 1910 it was at 70%. During the 1950s segregation by race in public and private schools was still common in the United States. In 1954 the Supreme Court unanimously ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional and by 1980 the federal courts succeeded in eliminating the system of legalized segregation in southern schools.

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